Since the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic in Wuhan China, various experts from many countries have been competing to develop a vaccine. Apart from continuing to implement disciplined health protocols, vaccines are considered the most effective way to minimize being infected with Covid-19. With vaccination, it provides antibodies to the human body which makes the body's immunity to the Covid-19 virus increase.

Although Covid-19 vaccination has been running in Indonesia since January 2021, there are still many people who do not fully know the various types of Covid-19 vaccines that have been circulating in Indonesia. Both in terms of how the vaccine works, its usefulness, the dose required, the age allowed, and the side effects of each type of vaccine.

Until now, the Indonesian government has determined that there are 6 types of vaccines that will be used in Indonesia. The decision was confirmed by Minister of Health Terawan Agus Putranto in December 2021 (3/12/2020). The statement was contained in the Minister of Health Decree Number 9,860 of 2020 concerning the Determination of Vaccine Types for the Implementation of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) Vaccination. The six vaccines are produced by local and international companies. In addition, the six Covid-19 vaccines mentioned can only be used after obtaining a distribution license or approval for use during an emergency from the Food and Drug Administration (BPOM). Then what are the types? Namely Sinovac, Bio Farma, AstraZeneca, Sinopharm, Moderna, Pfizer. Here is the explanation.

Vaccination in Indonesia has been taking place since January 2021 for free using the Sinovac vaccine.

6 Variety of Covid-19 Vaccine Types

Sinovac Vaccine

The Sinovac type vaccine originated in China. Sinovac works to strengthen the immune system so that antibodies can fight the Corona virus. This vaccine is made with a platform or virus method that has been killed. Having completed phase 3 clinical trials, this vaccine is injected 2 times (0.5 ml per dose) the second injection on day 14. Sinovac has an efficacy presentation of 65.3% in Indonesia.

Pfizer-BioNTech Vaccine

Pfizer-BioNTech is a vaccine based on messenger RNA (mRNA) technology. This vaccine uses synthetic genes. With mRNA, the body is not injected with a dead or weakened virus, but rather injected with the genetic code of the virus so that it produces proteins that stimulate an immune response. This vaccine is injected twice (0.3 ml per dose) on the second injection on day 28. Pfizer-BioNTech is recommended for people aged 16 years and above and has a 95% efficacy rate.

Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine

Recombinant adenoviral vector vaccines use a small portion of genetic material from a pathogen, such as SARS-CoV-2, to trigger an immune response. The vaccine is injected once or twice (0.5 ml per dose) if twice, the second injection on day 28. Currently, AstraZeneca has an efficacy rate of 70.4%.

Sinopharm Vaccine

This type of vaccine is claimed to be the first in the world to show excellent immunogenicity and safety. Sinopharm utilizes a coronavirus that has been killed or often called an inactivated vaccine. This vaccine is injected twice (0.5 ml per dose) on the second injection on day 21.

Moderna Vaccine

Moderna uses messenger RNA (mRNA).  This vaccine is intended for people aged 18 years and above. This vaccine is injected twice (0.5 ml per dose) on the second injection on day 28. Currently, Moderna has an efficacy percentage of 94.1%. According to the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), there are several criteria for people who cannot receive the Moderna vaccine, including: People who have had a severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) or an immediate allergic reaction even if it is not severe to any ingredient in the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine, people who have had a severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) or an immediate allergic reaction even if it is not severe after getting the first dose of the vaccine, an immediate allergic reaction means a reaction within 4 hours after being vaccinated, including symptoms such as hives, swelling, or wheezing (respiratory distress), and allergic reactions to polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polysorbate.

Bio Farma Vaccine

This type of vaccine is an Indonesian production using Sinovac as raw material. In collaboration with the Eijkman Biomolecular Institute, PT BioFarma continues to develop and research the COVID-19 vaccine. This type of vaccine will work to strengthen the immune system so that antibodies can fight Covid-19.

Those are the various types of covid-19 vaccines in Indonesia today. With vaccination, it is hoped that it can be a solution to stop the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the cooperation of all Indonesian people is needed to make this effort a success. However, this effort must also be supported by the application of disciplined health protocols. 

DNR, an Experienced Vaccine Distributor in Indonesia

In connection with the current Covid-19 vaccination program, basically Indonesia has been promoting various vaccination programs for a long time. In this regard, DNR as a distribution service provider company has experience in having a good history in distributing various vaccines in Indonesia. To date, DNR has successfully distributed various vaccines in Indonesia ranging from HB Vax II 5mcg (DK19163600343A1), HB Vax II 10mcg (DK19163600343A2), HB Vax Multidose 3.0 ml (DK19163600343A2), MMR II (DK19263600444A1), Pedvax HIB (DK19963600343A1), Vaqta25U / 0.5 ml (DKI0463601143A1).

The successful distribution of these vaccines is supported by the ownership of a digital system, namely DVMS (Digital Vaccine Management & Supply Chain), which supports the cold chain system to run well as a key requirement in vaccine distribution. DVMS innovation offers effective storage, handling, vaccine stock management, and monitoring of vaccine quality through temperature control in cold chain storage and maintenance of an adequate logistics management system.